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Tasks/Requirements

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

1. Fire and Safety

Good preparation is important for safety.

1. You have basic knowledge of the fire triangle. Draw the fire triangle and explain it.
2. Show that you know which precautions to take before you start making a fire, for example by making the fire site safe and gathering firefighting equipment and placing it in the right spot.
3. You know what to do if you accidentally burn your fingers on the fire.

You understand how fire works and how to take it into account when preparing a fire site.

1. You know how wind affects your fire and what to watch out for regarding wind direction when making a fire.
2. Based on the fire triangle, you can explain how fire works and how extinguishing a fire works. For each part of the fire triangle, you can also give some examples.
3. You can show that you know how to set up a fire site for a small fire for your patrol, taking safety into account.

Campfire safety--you know how to account for it in your preparation.

1. In addition to the fire triangle, you also have basic knowledge of the fire pentagon.
2. Set up a complete campfire site that meets all safety requirements. Ensure the whole group can sit safely around the campfire. Think of escape route, firewood, distance to the fire, wind direction, and firefighting equipment.
3. You know what to do if things go wrong. Describe the difference between superficial, partial, and full-thickness burns and what to do if someone gets burned.

1. Materials

To make a good fire you need the right materials.

1. Walk around outside the Scouting building and see what dry kindling you can find to make a fire. Make sure the material is dry.
2. Explain why dry wood is important and how you can see or feel that it is dry.
3. You know different fire-starting materials such as firelighters, egg carton, and birch bark. Use three different kinds of starters to make a small fire (possibly with your leaders).

You have knowledge of solid fuels and natural fire-starting materials.

1. You know which solid fuels can be used safely and how to use them.
2. You also know which solid fuels are extra polluting and should not be used.
3. You know at least three fire-starting materials you can find in nature and make some firelighters yourself from multiple natural materials.

Knowledge of flammable liquids is important to assess possibilities and risks.

1. You know at least three different types of flammable liquids and their hazards.
2. Describe the heating value and pros/cons of at least five wood species common in the Netherlands.
3. Explain which wood species are best to use for a cleaner fire (less smoke and harmful substances).
4. Make one of the two fire-starting materials yourself: charcoal or charcloth (charred cotton).

1. Structure and Types of Fire

To keep a fire burning well, good structure is important.

1. Build a small pyramid fire from dry twigs in a fire drum or campfire pit.

There are different ways to build a fire.

1. You know five ways to build a fire.
2. Build three different types of fires. Observe and describe the pros and cons.

There are different types of fires with different purposes.

1. You know at least five fire types for five different purposes.
2. Then build at least three fires, including:

• At least one ground fire
• At least one fire at working height

1. Special Techniques

You can light fires in different ways.

1. Light a small fire with long matches.
2. Make a sustainable "campfire" without wood, flame, or smoke in a fire basket using lights and colored paper.

You can light a fire with few tools and also without matches or a lighter.

1. Light your starter fire with only one match.
2. Find ways to light a fire other than with matches. Look up at least four techniques.
3. Show that you master at least two techniques to make fire without using matches or a lighter.

As a campfire specialist you know various techniques for making fire.

1. Use a spectacular method to light the campfire, such as remotely with a battery or with a torch.
2. Ignite a fire using the fire-roll technique.
3. Master two of the following techniques:

• LED "fire" (light effect)
• Swedish torch
• candle-wax torch
• can-based wood-gas stove

1. Extinguishing Fire

Afterwards, the fire must be extinguished safely.

1. Describe how you can extinguish fire using your knowledge of the fire triangle.
2. Extinguish a small fire with sand or water.

Properly extinguishing a fire is more than just throwing a few buckets of water over it.

1. For each part of the fire triangle, think of two ways to extinguish the fire.
2. Extinguish the fire in such a way that you keep coals you can use the next morning to start a new fire.
3. Extinguish a small fire using only one mug of water.

Out is really out... or is it?

1. Extinguish the campfire, but ensure you have a method to carry the fire's heat so you can, for example, make a fire elsewhere.